POWER & DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS


  • One of the important and commonly used Transformer is Power transformer. It is very widely used for stepping up and stepping down the voltage at the electrical power generating station and distribution station (or substation) respectively.
  • At ABCOS, Power transformers & distribution transformers are available as per required standard ratings.

11KV/415V, STEP DOWN, Oil Natural Air Natural type, 1250kva, Transformer

For example, consider the block diagram shown below. Here power transformer is used two times while delivering electric power to a consumer who is far away from the generating station.

  • First time is at power generating station to step-up the voltage generated by the wind generator.
  • Second is at the distribution station (or substation) to step-down the voltage received at the end of the transmission line.
    • Power Transformer Block Diagram

    Applications of Power Transformer

    • The power transformer is mainly used in electric power generation and at distribution stations.
    • It is also used in Isolation transformers, earthing transformers, six pulse and twelve Pulse rectifier transformers, solar PV farm transformers, wind farm transformers.
    • It is used for reducing power losses during electric power transmission.
    • It is used for high voltage step-up and high voltage step-down.
    • It is preferred during long-distance consumer cases.
    • And preferred in cases where load runs at full capacity 24x7.

    A distribution transformer or service transformer is a transformer that provides the final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution system, stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by the customer.

    Distribution transformers are classified into different categories based on factors such as:

    • Mounting location - pole, pad, underground vault
    • Type of insulation - liquid-immersed or dry-type
    • Number of phases - single-phase or three-phase
    • Voltage class
    • Basic impulse insulation level (BIL).

    Uses/Applications

    • This transformer changes from high voltage electricity to low voltage electricity, used in homes & businesses.
    • The main function of this is to step down the voltage to provide isolation between two windings like primary & secondary.
    • This transformer distributes the power to remote areas which are generated from the power plants.
    • Generally, this transformer distributes the electrical energy to industries with less voltage under 33KV and 440volts to 220volts for domestic purposes.

    FAQs


    1). Which transformer is used in an electrical distribution system? 

    A step-down transformer is used in an electrical distribution system

    2). What is the difference between distribution & power transformer? 

    The power transformer is used in transmission networks with high voltages whereas a distribution transformer is used in low voltage distribution networks.

    3). What are the types of transformers? 

    The different types of transformers are step up, step down, power, distribution, instrument, potential, comprising current, single-phase, 3-phase, auto, etc.

    4). Why transformers are rated in kVA? 

    Because they do not change the power factor (PF) of their output power.

    5). What is the formula for kW to kVA? 

    Apparent power (kVA) = Actual power (kW) / power factor (pf)


    For more technical information download below files: